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摘要:
为了实现空间光通信系统小型化、一体化设计，建立了基于阵列探测器和快速偏转镜的一体化跟踪系统，通过分析阵列探测器的光斑位置检测原理提出了一种归心算法。首先通过设置阈值，设计了光斑不完全覆盖探测器的粗归心策略；然后采用数据库查询的方法完成精归心，最后采用无穷积分法使光斑归至原点附近；通过搭建试验平台验证了算法的正确性和可行性。实验结果表明：跟踪视场可达70.3 mrad，较原算法视场扩大了约3倍，跟踪最大误差优于1.8 μrad，为空间光通信系统的进一步工程化应用奠定了基础。
Abstract:In order to realize the miniaturization and integration design of space optical communication system, an integrated tracking system based on the array detector and the fast deflection mirror is established. By analyzing the principle of spot position detection of array detector, a centering algorithm is proposed. Firstly, the coarse centering strategy is designed by setting the threshold value. Then, the fine centering is completed by using the database query method. Thirdly, the infinite integral method is used to make the spot return to the origin. Finally, the correctness and feasibility of the algorithm are verified by building an experimental platform. The experimental results show that the tracking field of view can reach 70.3 mrad, which is about 3 times larger than that of the original algorithm, and the maximum tracking error is better than 1.8 μrad, which lays a foundation for further engineering application of the space optical communication system.
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Key words:
- array detector /
- spot location detection /
- centering algorithm /
- fast steering mirror
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Overview: Free space optical communication (FSO) system refers to a communication system that uses laser light wave as an information carrier and free space as an information transmission medium. In recent years, FSO systems are developing towards miniaturization and integration. Acquisition, pointing, and tracking (APT) system is an important part of the FSO system, in order to meet the development of the miniaturization and integration of FSO systems, a photodetector is used in the APT system to replace the original coarse tracking and fine tracking detectors. The coarse tracking system and the fine tracking system are combined into one which simplify the system structure. The array detector has the advantages of high position resolution, small junction capacitance, short response time, and simple processing circuit. It is an ideal photodetector integrating coarse and fine tracking of the APT system. In this paper, the array detector is used as the core component, and the fast steering mirror is used as the auxiliary component to build a laser spot position detection system. In order to improve the field of view and tracking accuracy of spot position detection, by analyzing the principle of spot position detection of the array detector, a homing algorithm for the large field of view array detector is proposed. First, by setting the threshold, a rough centering strategy is designed in which the light spot is not completely on the detector, and the center of the light spot is moved to the 2×2 detection unit in the center of the array detector. Then the database query method is used to complete the fine centering, and the center of the light spot is moved to the detection center within ±0.1 mm. Finally, the infinite integration method is used to calculate the position of the spot centroid, and the spot is moved to the center of the detector. In order to verify the correctness and feasibility of the algorithm, experiments are carried out on the laser spot position detection platform. The experimental results show that the tracking field of view can reach 70.3 mrad, which is about 3 times larger than the original algorithm field of view, and the maximum tracking position error is better than 1.8 μrad, reaching the tracking accuracy index. It has theoretical guiding significance for the miniaturization of FSO system, and lays the foundation for the further engineering application of FSO system.
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图 4 数据库的标定(a)和测量(b)过程
Figure 4. Calibration (a) and measurement (b) process of the database
图 6 原始、粗归心、精归心坐标的对比图
Figure 6. Comparisons of the original, coarse, and fine centering coordinates
图 7 解算值与理论值对比图
Figure 7. Comparisons of the calculated value and the theoretical value
表 1 数据库查询表
Table 1. Database query table
边界 1 2 3 Imin [-0.65, -0.6) [0.5, 0.55) [0.2, 0.25) 步长/mm 1.3 1.1 0.5 方向 向左 向右 向右 
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