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摘要:
对谱域光学相干层析系统(SD-OCT)采用色散补偿方法进行优化，是提高系统成像质量的重要方式。本文提出了一种基于数值多项式拟合的色散补偿方法。该方法通过提取干涉信号的相位并解包裹，利用数值多项式对解包裹后的相位进行拟合，然后根据拟合出的高阶色散因子对干涉信号做相位补偿。本文利用SD-OCT系统测量出不同光程差位置处的轴向分辨率和信噪比，通过比较分析色散补偿前后系统的轴向分辨率及信噪比，来验证该方法的有效性和可靠性。结果表明，本文设计的色散补偿技术可以使系统具有良好的轴向分辨率，三阶多项式拟合相位的色散补偿方法在约1.5 mm的成像深度范围内有明显的优化效果。
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关键词:
- 谱域光学相干层析系统 /
- 色散补偿 /
- 分辨率 /
- 信噪比 /
- 成像质量
Abstract:Dispersion compensation for the data processing of the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) system is an important way to improve the imaging quality of the system. A dispersion compensation method for spectral domain optical coherence tomography based on numerical polynomial fitting analysis is proposed in this paper. This method obtains the dispersion factor by fitting the phase of the interference signal and removes the dispersion mismatch terms, which can significantly improve the system axial resolution compared with non-dispersion compensation. The SD-OCT system is used to measure the axial resolution and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at different positions of the optical path difference, and the effectiveness and reliability of the method are verified by analyzing the axial resolution and the SNR of the system before and after the dispersion compensation technology. Finally, we found that the third-order dispersion compensation has a visible optimization effect within the imaging depth of ~1.5 mm.
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Key words:
- SD-OCT /
- dispersion compensation /
- polynomial fitting /
- resolution /
- imaging quality
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Overview: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an optical imaging modality that enables high-resolution, cross-sectional, and three-dimensional volumetric imaging of the internal microstructure in biological tissues and materials. SD-OCT system has a broadband source and a spectrometer with a line scan camera. One of the main problems of the SD-OCT system is that chromatic dispersion causes the decrease of sensitivity and imaging quality. Many different methods have been proposed, including hardware-based and software-based methods. Solutions include physically matching the dispersion in both arms by adding compensating materials, gratings, or fiber-stretchers in one of the interferometer arms. However, all these methods only compensate up to second-order dispersion and have the same pitfalls of complexity and cost. Various software-based methods have also been proposed to solve the problem of dispersion mismatch. Some rely on an iterative adjustment of a phase correction signal to optimize image sharpness.
We propose a dispersion compensation method based on the numerical polynomial fitting analysis in the spectral domain optical coherence tomography. This method obtains the dispersion factor by fitting the phase of the interference signal and removes the dispersion mismatch terms, which can significantly improve the system axial resolution compared with non-dispersion compensation.
To illustrate that the numerical dispersion compensation method has an optimized effect on the axial resolution of the SD-OCT system, we measured the axial resolution at different depths and compared the PSF of 2nd-order, 3rd-order, and 4th-order dispersion compensation. The results prove that the axial resolution obtained by 3rd-order dispersion compensation is in good agreement with it measured by 4th-order dispersion compensation, and is better than it measured by non-dispersion compensation and 2nd-order dispersion compensation. The third-order dispersion compensation has a visible optimization effect.
A comparison between the measured PSF by third-order numerical dispersion compensation and by the iterative dispersion compensation technique was carried out. The PSF is measured at the imaging depth of 1.02 mm. The measured FWHM with third-order dispersion compensation is ~7.5 µm and that with the iterative dispersion compensation technique is ~7.0 µm. The iterative dispersion compensation yields a little better resolution than the three-order dispersion compensation. However, it requires more computation.
The images of rubber hose and coverslip in the experiment are shown in the Figure. Using the method of the third-order dispersion compensation, two-dimensional imaging of rubber hose and coverslip are shown in Figure (c) and Figure (d), respectively. In order to contrast the effect of this method, the diagrams without dispersion compensation are shown in Figure (a) and Figure (b). The diagram with third-order dispersion compensation has a good sharpness in the deep position.
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图 3 测得的干涉信号的强度和相位
Figure 3. The measured intensity and phase of the interference signal.
图 4 不同色散补偿方案对系统轴向分辨率和PSF的影响。
Figure 4. The axial resolution and PSF with different order dispersion compensation.
图 5 无色散补偿、三阶色散补偿和数值迭代补偿的实测点扩散函数的比较
Figure 5. Comparison of the measured PSF with no dispersion compensation, third-order dispersion compensation, and numerical iterative compensation
图 6 (a) SD-OCT系统色散补偿后的滚降图; (b) 色散补偿前后PSF峰值对比图
Figure 6. (a) The roll-off of the SD-OCT system with third-order dispersion compensation; (b) Comparison of PSF peak before and after dispersion compensation
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